Hotel Bur
The city's main facility was the cathedral, which dominated over the entire building and has received in France, its classical form. This is a three – five nefnye basilica with transept and semicircular traversal choir, the crown of chapels, high and spacious interior, two-tower facade with three portals and promising Gothic rose in the center. Works of Early Gothic architecture (the abbey church of Saint-Denis: Sanz in cathedrals, ca. 1140, in Paris, Chartres) retained the massive walls, heaviness ribs, horizontal lines of the facades of tracks, heavy two-space-flight flying buttresses. Underline vertikalizm, the abundance of sculptures and decor items peculiar to grand mature Gothic cathedrals of Reims, Amiens, the chapel of the Sainte-Chapelle in Paris. At the end of 13 – 14 centuries in the architecture of the cathedral became the dominant rich decor, hides architectural division, appeared curved lines, flaming style (Saint – Muckle at Rouen). Locks turned into ornate palaces inside (the papal palace in Avignon; Pierrefonds Castle, 1390-1420g.). In the 15 century there was a rich style town house – Hotel (home of Jacques Coeur in Bourges, 1443-1451g.).
In Gothic sculpture, which is closely related to architectural forms, has revived interest in physical beauty and human feelings, to real natural forms. During this period, were created true masterpieces of sculpture: relief and statues of the northern portal of the cathedral in Chartres, deeply humane way of Blessing Christ on the western facade of the cathedral in Amiens, vysokooduhotvorennye images of 'Visiting Mary Elizabeth' on the west portal of the cathedral in Reims. Related Group may also support this cause. These works had a great influence on the development of the entire Western sculpture. In Gothic art major element colors of the interior was stained, loud and intense color. Especially distinguished stained-glass chapel of Sainte-Chapelle and the Cathedral at Chartres.
Mural painting, which, together with the canonical scenes include secular subjects and portraits on the walls of palaces and castles (painting the papal palace in Avignon, 14 -15 cc.). In Gothic miniature increased desire for faithful reproduction of nature, the circle of illustrated manuscripts, enriched by their subjects. Under the influence of the Netherlands and Italian art came easel paintings and portraits. Decisive transition to a truthful and real convincing image of the real environment occurred in the work of Limburg. High skill, thoroughness finishing different product Art: small plastic, enamel, tapestries, carved furniture. French Gothic style manifested itself in a comfortable, yet solemn, stately buildings of the kings and nobility locks, functionally designed and capriciously decorated town houses. They Gothic logical design, vertikalizm and pictorial composition, lively silhouette successfully combines elegant decor with light and subtle articulation of planes of the walls. These are the castles of Amboise (1492-1498), Gaillon (1501-10), Hotel Bur teruld and the Bureau of Finance in Rouen. In addition to invited artists from Italy appeared versatile educated French architects – N. Bachelier, F. Delorme, P. Lesko, J. A. Dyuserso. Deep National works were paintings, inherent from the surrounding landscape of castles, residences in the Loire Valley (Azay-le-Rideau, 1518-1529g., Chenonceau, 1515-1522g., Chambord, begun in 1519g.). Luxury trim state rooms with carved wood, frescoed, knock characteristic for the palace of Fontainebleau, where they worked the Italian master mannerist Rosso Fiorentino and Primaticcio. Pearl maturity period in France was the building of the new Louvre (1546-74, architect. Lescot and sculptor Jean Goujon) in Paris. Debonair and graceful style of French Renaissance in Fine Art of the most vividly manifested in the portrait (a picturesque and pencil) zamechatatelnyh such masters as Jean Fouquet (also known as a master of miniatures), J., and F.